Jötunvillur is a little-known runic code. Only nine known examples of Jötunvillur inscriptions have been found in northern Europe, making it extremely difficult to crack. When a runes expert managed ...

Runic script was developed in Scandinavia between the 2nd and 8th centuries AD. It was originally used for short inscriptions. After the Viking Age, this famous form of writing was altered to compete ...

Turkman coins with the Sogdian language inscription "TWRK X'Y'N," It can be argued that coins not only represent history but also serve as a document of it. A recent discovery in the Fergana region in ...

Here’s what you’ll learn when you read this story: A rock carving discovered in the Ontario backcountry started a search for the meaning and history of the site in 2019. The carving features what ...

When Germanic was first caught in the candle flame of writing, in the second century CE, there was only one runic script and one Germanic language. That language was spoken in a relatively compact ...

A runestone is a large stone carved with runic inscriptions — usually in the early Germanic alphabet known as the futhark. These were typically erected across Scandinavia during the Iron and Viking ...

Almost lost to sight in the worldwide building boom of new factories, apartment houses and skyscrapers are the new concert halls and opera houses going up to keep pace with the ever-growing music ...

A woman may have signed her name on the world's oldest dated runestone, researchers in Norway have found, as they piece together the 2,000-year-old puzzle. The inscription begins with the word “I” in ...

The world’s oldest dated rune stone, a landmark discovery revealed in 2023, is just one piece of a larger, nearly 2,000-year-old slab, new research has found. Now, scientists in Norway are working to ...